Would Hoping to Come Again Be a Clause

English Level: Intermediate+

Focus: An overview of the rules betwixt the verbs wish and promise

Jump to: Wish (below), Hope, Exercises

Worksheet Download: wish-hope-worksheet-esl.docx (scroll down to report the exercises online)

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Put merely, this is the difference between hope and wish:

• The verb wish usually describes the present or the past.
• The verb hope usually describes a possiblefuturity situation.

Permit's look at the rules and some examples in item.

The Verb Wish to Describe a Present Want

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Form: subject + wish + (that) + noun + by uncomplicated / past progressive

• I wish (that) I had more money now. (this describes a want the present)
• She wishes (that) she were taller.
• He wishes (that) he didn't have to work today.
• They wish (that) they could come.
• I wish (that) it wasn't raining.

The verb wish used this way is the aforementioned as the present unreal provisional (second conditional).  All of these sentences describe and unreal/imaginary situation that someone wants.

• John doesn't take a motorcar. He'southward sad. = He wishes he had a machine.
• I don't have enough fourth dimension :( = I wish I had more fourth dimension.
• Her leg is cleaved. She's sad. = She wishes her leg weren't cleaved.

Fifty-fifty though the grammer is in the past tense (I wish I had more money), the meaning is in the present. Any wish tin likewise exist expressed in the second (present unreal) conditional.

• John wishes he had a car. = If John had a car, he would exist happy.
• I wish I had more time. = If I had more fourth dimension, I would be happy.
• She wishes her leg weren't broken. = If her leg were not broken, she would be happy.

Grammer note: Merely like in the second conditional, we don't apply was . Instead of maxim, "I wish I was taller," information technology is more correct (grammatically) to say "I wish Iwere taller." These sentences, in the 2nd provisional, would be "If I were taller, I would be happy." The idea is the same. We generally don't utilisewas.

Think, when nosotros use wish, we ever desire for the opposite of the real state of affairs now. Because of this, the verb changes from positive to negative, or negative to positive. Allow me show yous.

My domestic dog is sick. :(

1. The verb =is
2. Verb in the past = waswere
3. Change to negative = weren't
4. The whole judgement = I wish my dog weren't sick.

I can't swim. :(

1. The verb = can't swim
2. Verb in past = couldn't swim
3. Change to positive = could swim
4. The whole sentence = I wish I could swim.

I'1000 gaining weight. :(

1. The verb =am gaining (present progressive)
2. Verb in past = waswere gaining (past progressive)
3. Change to negative =weren't gaining
4. The whole sentence = I wish I weren't gaining weight.

It'southward not that difficult, is it? Let's effort some exercises.

Do #1 – Using Wish in the Present

Remember to avoid using was with wish. Adept luck.

1. John is poor. John wishes he (be/not) poor.
2. My apartment is small. I wish it (be) bigger.
3. She hates her job. She wishes she (have) a different one.
4. I can't sing. I wish I (can/sing).
5. I have to become up early for my job. I wish I (not/accept to) get up early.
6. It's raining now. I wish it (non/rain).
7. I'm so tired. I wish I (sleep) at present instead of working.
8. The students take a lot of homework. They wish they (not/have) homework.

The Verb Wish + Would to Describe a Nowadays Desire

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I've just told you that we apply a past tense verb (past uncomplicated or past progressive) after wish. However, we utilise the helping verbwould when we wish that someone else would do an activity.

• I wish you would listen. (Information technology'due south my wish, just I desireyou to do the action.)
• She wishes her husband wouldn't get out the toilet seat upwards. (It'southward her wish, but she's wishing someone else do the activeness.)
• I wish the managerwould do something. (Once again, the wish is directed at someone else.)

We only utilizewould when the verb is an action verb, not a state verb (for help with this, run into this lesson). In short, action verbs are verbs like 'kick/run/open up/stop' that take an action (we move our bodies). Non-activity verbs (stative or linking) are verbs like 'have/exist/know/sympathise' that describe a situation (or state), not an activity. Here at some examples.

My friend John doesn't have a task. He is poor. :(

Possible wishes:

• I wish he weren't poor. (Be = state verb, so we don't add together would)
• I wish he had a chore. (Take = state verb, so we don't add would).
• I wish he would notice a task. (Find = activity verb, so we add together would.)
• I wish he would look for a chore. (Expect = an action verb, so we add would.)

This is difficult, isn't it? Remember, these are all wishes that the subject wishessomeone else do. Let'south look at another case.

My dog Pepe is a bad dog. :(

• I wish he weren't bad. (Exist = state verb)
• I wish he wouldn't chew on my shoes. (Chew = action)
• I wish he would heed. (Listen = action)

Practice you see the departure? Let'southward endeavor some exercises.

Practise #two – Wishing Other People Do Things  (Action or Land Verbs)

Remember to only use would if information technology's a wish that the wisher wants someone else to exercise, and if the verb is an action verb.

1. My neighbor plays loud music. I wish he (plough) his music down. I've asked him to practice so, but he won't listen. I wish he (heed).
2. Likewise, his dog barks all night. I wish the dog (not/bark) and so much. I wish my neighbour (have) a pet fish, not a canis familiaris.
3. Yesterday, someone parked in my parking infinite. I wish people (not/park) in my spot. In that location'southward even a sign that says, "Reserved Parking". I wish people (read) the sign.
4. It's expensive and troublesome to accept a car in the metropolis. Sometimes I wish I (not/have) a car. All the same, public transit is not very convenient here. I wish the authorities (build) more subway lines.
5. English grammar is difficult sometimes. I wish it (be) easier.

Using Wish to Depict a Past Regret or Mistake

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We can too employ wish to talk about mistakes or regrets in the past.

Course: discipline + wish + (that) + substantive + past perfect*

(*By perfect = had + past participle)

• I didn't study enough when I was young. I wish I had studied more than.
• I didn't bring an umbrella. I wish I had brought an umbrella.
• She said something impolite. She wishes she hadn't said it.
• My friend forgot my birthday. I wish he hadn't forgotten.

The grammar for wishes in the past is the same as the past unreal conditional (3rd conditional). Once again, when nosotros wish, nosotros are wishing for the opposite of reality. The verb describes the contrary of the state of affairs.

Fact: I broke the dish. :(

1. Verb = broke
2. Verb in past perfect = had broken
3. Change from positive to negative = hadn't broken
4. Full judgement = I wish I hadn't broken the dish.

Fact: She didn't tell me near the party. :(

1. Verb = didn't tell
2. Verb in past perfect = hadn't told
3. Modify from negative to positive = had told
4. Full sentence = I wish she had told me.

That's it for the past. Fortunately, we don't usewouldwhen nosotros talk about past wishes. So it'southward pretty easy.

Practise #3 – Wishes in the Past

1. I didn't wake upwardly on fourth dimension. I wish I (wake) upwardly on time.
2. Lisa arrived late. She wishes she (get in) earlier.
3. He forgot to bring his passport. He wishes he (bring) it.
4. I painted my room black, but information technology looks terrible. I wish I (not/pigment) it blackness.
5. There was besides much salt in the soup. I wish the chef (use) less salt.
6. She told me the catastrophe of the moving-picture show, and so now I don't want to see it. I wish I (non/speak) to her.

The Verb Hope to Describe a Future Desire

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Form: Subject + [ hope ] + (that) + [ present tense ]

• I have a test tomorrow. I hope (that) I pass.
• John is looking for a job. He hopes (that) he gets a job soon.
• Information technology'due south cloudy. I promise (that) information technology does not pelting.
• The picture show starts soon. I hope (that) it is interesting.

All of these examples talk about something that we want to happen in the future (tomorrow, soon).

With the verb hope, we use the nowadays simple tense even though nosotros are talking about the hereafter. Yet, some English speakers will use a future tense (which may not be practiced grammar), merely is acceptable.

• I hope I pass = I promise I will laissez passer.
• He hopes he gets a job = He hopes he will get a chore.
• I hope information technology does non rain = I hope information technology won't pelting.

These sentences are all adequate, even though they don't follow the traditional rules of grammer. For the exercises beneath, please use a present tense, even so.

Exercise #four – Promise for Future Desires

1. I promise in that location (be) never a war again.
2. Tim hopes that he (get) a cycle for Christmas.
3. I hope that it (not/rain) tonight.
4. Jenny hopes she (not/fail) her exam.
5. I hope I (see) y'all at the party tonight.

Hope with a Past Activeness

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Hope is sometimes used with past actions. For example:

• "Thanks for coming my party terminal dark. I hope that y'all had a practiced time."
• Karen had to rush to the airport. I hope (that) she remembered her passport.

In these sentences, promise has the aforementioned meaning information technology normally does: it describes a desire. Note the differences betwixt hope in the by and wish in the past:

• I hope that you had a proficient time. (Significant = You went to the party, and I want that you lot had a proficient fourth dimension (information technology'southward what I want))
• I wish that you had had a skilful time. (Pregnant = You went to the party, merely did non have a good time. You lot regret this.)

• I hope that she remembered her passport. (Meaning = Y'all want that she remembered her passport.)
• I wish she had remembered her passport. (Meaning = She forgot her passport. You regret this.)

In summary, wish in the past expresses a regret nigh an action. Hope in the past, like hope in the future, describes a want/want.

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That'due south the end of the lesson. There are a few more notes beneath that you can skip if you want to leap to more exercises.

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Note #i: Don't we Use Wish for the Futurity As well?

Not actually. Look at this sentence:

• I wish I didn't have to piece of work tomorrow.

This is describing a present state of affairs. You have to work tomorrow, and y'all are unhappy virtually that at present. You lot wish the situation were different. If you lot didn't have to piece of work tomorrow, yous would exist happy at present. This is still describing the present in my stance. This is the same as when nosotros use 'desire' with the future (eastward.chiliad. I want a wheel for my birthday (next year)).

Note #2:  'wish + infinitive' is too used equally a more than formal want to say 'want to.' For example,she wishes to see you.

Note #3: 'hope + infinitive' can also exist used  when the discipline of the sentence is the person who will do the activeness.

• I promise that I laissez passer. = I hope to pass.
• He hopes that he doesn't fail. = He hopes not to neglect.
• I hope that he passes. = I hope he to laissez passer. (Y'all cannot utilise it here)

Note #iv: 'wish + noun' is used to say that you hope someone has something in the hereafter. For case:

• I wish you a Merry Christmas. ( = I hope you have a Merry Christmas.)
• I wish you a quick recovery. ( = I hope you recover soon).

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Now, let's endeavor some exercises to run across if you tin can use the right verb.

Do #5 – Wish or Hope? Write the Verb

1. John failed his test. He he had studied more. He he passes his next ane.
2. My apartment is small. I I had a bigger apartment. I I didn't live here.
3. Ryan has a soccer game tomorrow. He his team wins. The game might be cancelled though, if it rains. He it doesn't rain.
4. Tina doesn't like Donald Trump. She  he had not won the ballot. She that he doesn't destroy the earth.

Exercise #half-dozen – Wish or Hope? Add the Correct Verb and Clause

1. Tina is unmarried. She doesn't have a boyfriend, but she wants one. In other words, Tina (wish/hope) she (have) boyfriend.
2. My sister bought a suitcase concluding calendar week. Only when she took it on her travels, it bankrupt. She regrets buying it. In other words, she (wish/hope) she (not/buy) it.
3. My friends are e'er looking at their mobile phones. I (wish/hope) they (non/do) that. It's rude.
4. Bobby has a lot of work to do, but he  (wish/promise) that he  (can/terminate) by 5 p.chiliad..
5. Yesterday, John asked his co-worker if she was pregnant. She got angry at him because she wasn't. John (wish/hope) that he (non/say) that.
6. I take an important voice communication to give tomorrow. I (hope/wish) that I (not/forget) everything I programme to say.

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There are other ways in which we utilize these verbs, simply those are the main ways the verbs hope and wish are used.

If you lot have any questions or you find a error, delight write a comment below.

All the best.

– Matthew Barton (copyright) / Creator of Englishcurrent.com

Related:

• The Beginning and Second Conditional
• The Difference between Few, A few, Fiddling, and A little
• The Difference between Other and Another
• The Deviation between So and Such
• The Deviation between Utilise to and Be Used to

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Source: https://www.englishcurrent.com/grammar/study-wish-hope-review-exercises/

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